receiving order
A court’s direction to a bankruptcy receiver to take some action.
receiving order 〈英〉财产接管令 法院在收到破产申请后,为保护债务人的财产而签发的命令,指定官方财产管理人接管债务人的财产。此后,除非债权人接受债务人的还款计划或双方达成和解协议,债务人可被宣告破产。
preliminary examination (1)〈英〉财产预查 在发出财产接管令〔receiving order〕后,由涉讼财产管理人〔receiver〕对债务人资产与负债进行的不公开清查。 (2)预审(→preliminary hearing)
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interim receiver 〈英〉临时财产接管人 在破产申请提出后,法院发出接管令〔receiving order〕之前,如为保护债务人的财产所必要,破产法院可以随时任命官方接管人〔official receiver〕作为债务人财产的临时接管人,并要求其占有债务人的财产。
declaration of inability to pay debts 〈英〉无力清偿债务声明 债务人向破产法院〔bankruptcy court〕提交无力清偿债务声明的行为可视为破产行为〔act of bankruptcy〕,法院据此可签发财产接管令〔receiving order〕。
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bankruptcy notice 〈英〉破产通知 由1952年《破产规则》〔Bankruptcy Rules〕规定,取代了1869年《破产法》〔Bankruptcy Act〕所规定的债务人传票〔debtor’s summons〕。当债权人已在任一法院取得了终局判决或裁定,且尚未获任何执行时,依债权人的申请,法院即可签发破产通知,若债务人不遵守破产通知的要求,即构成破产行为〔act of bankruptcy〕。但是除非债权人已提出破产申请,仅依据破产通知不得作出接管令〔receiving order〕。
bankruptcy proceedings 破产程序 在美国,破产程序可以由债务人提起,称为自愿破产;也可以由债权人提起,称为非自愿破产。破产开始后,法院可以组织对债务人的剩余资产进行清算并分配给债权人,从而彻底免除债务人的债务;或者对债务人进行重整,允许其继续从事经营活动,以其经营所得来偿还债务,从而避免破产。在英国,破产申请可以由债权人、债务人、自愿和解协议的监督人〔supervisor of a voluntary arrangement〕或当事人、官方申请人〔official petitioner〕等提起,法院根据破产申请作出接管令〔receiving order〕,将债务人的财产置于官方接管人〔official receiver〕的控制之下。接管人应召集债权人会议,要求债务人提交财产状况报告〔statement of affairs〕,就债务人资不抵债的原因进行公开调查,然后,法院将发布破产令〔bankruptcy order〕,官方接管人将成为破产财产管理人〔trustee in bankruptcy〕(债权人另行指定破产财产管理人的除外)。破产财产管理人必须占有并收回或实现所有属于破产人的资产。债权人应就自己的债权向破产财产管理人提供证明。最后由破产财产管理人将债务人的财产按法定顺序分配给经其确认了的债权人。
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cost, insurance, and freight. A mercantile-contract term allocating the rights and duties of the buyer and the seller of goods with respect to delivery, payment, and risk of loss, whereby the seller must (1) clear the goods for export, (2) arrange for transportation by water, (3) procure insurance against the buyer’s risk of damage during
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coroner (kor- orkahr-[schwa]-n[schwa]r). 1. A public official whose duty is to investigate the causes and circumstances of any death that occurs suddenly, suspiciously, or violently. See MEDICAL EXAMINER. [Cases: Coroners 1. C.J.S. Coroners and Medical Examiners § 2.] 2. Hist. A royal official with countywide jurisdiction to investigate deaths, to hold inquests, and to assume
simony (sim-[schwa]-nee orsI-m[schwa]-nee), n. [fr. Latin simonia “payment for things spiritual,” fr. the proper name Simon Magus (see below)] Hist. Eccles. law. The unlawful practice of giving or receiving money or gifts in exchange for spiritual promotion; esp., the unlawful buying or selling of a benefice or the right to present clergy to a vacant